Threads of Purpose: A Multi-Case Exploration of Professional Identity Formation Among Social Workers

ABSTRACT: This study explored the professional identity formation of social work graduates during their first five years of practice across sectors. It examined the factors contributing to identity development, the challenges and opportunities encountered in different practice settings, how professional identity shaped competence and retention, and the similarities and differences across cases. A qualitative multiple-case study design was employed with ten licensed social workers practicing in selected sectors. Data were gathered through semi-structured individual in-depth interviews and analyzed using Thematic Analysis through within-case, and cross-case analyses. Findings revealed that professional identity was shaped by foundational practice exposure, integration of theory and practice, personal values and character development, continuous improvement, adaptation to practice challenges, and professional mentorship. Participants further constructed their identities through meaningful service, values, self-awareness, client engagement, resilience, and recognition of social work contributions. Professional identity strengthened competence and retention through meaningful experiences, continuous learning, supportive organizations, and a sustained commitment to service. Across sectors, participants shared a common dedication to serving communities, although their responsibilities and identity expressions varied according to sector-specific demands. The findings highlight the importance of practice-based learning, mentorship, supportive workplaces, and continuous professional development in strengthening social workers’ professional identity, competence, and commitment.

KEYWORDS : Competence, professional development, professional identity, social work practice, social work graduates